The Browser Wars Intensify: Browser Choice Alliance Challenges Microsoft Edge

The battle for dominance in the web browser market has taken a dramatic turn. A coalition of browser makers — Google Chrome, Opera, Vivaldi, Waterfox, and Wavebox — has formed the Browser Choice Alliance to challenge Microsoft Edge. Their primary goal? To push the European Commission to designate Microsoft Edge as a "gatekeeper" under the Digital Markets Act (DMA), a move that could limit Microsoft's alleged anti-competitive practices.

Why the Alliance Was Formed

The Browser Choice Alliance accuses Microsoft of exploiting its dominant Windows operating system, which has over 73% market share globally, to promote Edge unfairly. According to the coalition, Microsoft employs deceptive tactics — referred to as "dark patterns" — to dissuade users from switching to other browsers. These include:

• Search Manipulation: Bing search engine banners discourage users from downloading rival browsers by promoting Edge’s features.
• Default Browser Restrictions: Microsoft makes changing the default browser in Windows 11 complicated, requiring users to adjust individual settings for multiple file types and protocols.
• Forced Integrations: Apps like Teams and Outlook automatically open links in Edge, regardless of the user’s chosen default browser.
• Persistent Nudging: Pop-ups frequently prompt users to restore Microsoft-recommended settings, favoring Edge.

The Players and Their Stances

While it’s no surprise to see independent browsers like Opera, Vivaldi, and Waterfox joining forces, Google Chrome’s participation raises eyebrows. Despite its own dominant market position, Google asserts that consumer choice is paramount, aligning with the alliance's broader mission.

Interestingly, other major players like Mozilla Firefox and Brave Browser have not joined the coalition. The alliance suggests some companies may fear retaliation from Microsoft.

A History of Complaints

This isn’t the first time Microsoft has faced criticism over Edge. Vivaldi CEO Jon von Tetzchner and Opera previously called out Microsoft’s practices as undermining fair competition. In 2024, Opera filed an appeal urging the European Commission to reconsider its decision not to classify Edge as a gatekeeper under the DMA.